Smokefree Bar Policy Compliance

PRC has conducted three mixed-method studies of smoke-free workplace policy compliance and defiance in and around hundreds of California bars.^2,5,9 Analyzing multiple highly structured qualitative and quantitative observations in a total of over 200 San Francisco, Alameda, and Los Angeles bars, indoor smoking was much more likely on nights when the bartender(s) was/were smoking, and nights when ashtrays were visible inside the bar, reflecting social control and norms-setting by authority figures.^5,8 Qualitative data from 35 interviews with enforcement officials representing public health, fire, and law enforcement charged with upholding the provisions of the smoke-free workplace law include recurring themes of institutional and legal barriers to easy enforcement, while interviews with over 200 patrons, bartenders, and owner-managers of bars yielded rich information about gender and cultural norms concerning smoking in bar-centered social networks of migrants from different parts of the world to California cities. ^1,3,4,6,7

References cited:

1. Antin, Tamar M.J., Juliet P. Lee, Roland S. Moore, and Travis D. Satterlund (2010) “Law in practice: Obstacles to a smokefree workplace policy in bars serving Asian patrons,” Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 12(2):221-227.
2. Lee, Juliet P., Roland S. Moore, and Scott E. Martin (2003) “Unobtrusive observations of smoking in urban California bars,” Journal of Drug Issues, 33(4):983-1000.
3. Lee, Juliet P., Tamar M.J. Antin, and Roland S. Moore (2008) “Social organization in bars: Implications for tobacco control policy,” Contemporary Drug Problems, 35(1):59-98.
4. Moore, Roland S., Rachelle M. Annechino, and Juliet P. Lee (2009) “Unintended consequences of smokefree bar policies for low-SES Women in three California counties,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 37(2S):S138-143.
5. Moore, Roland S., Juliet P. Lee, Scott E. Martin, Michael Todd, and Bong-Chul Chu (2009) “Correlates of persistent smoking in bars subject to smokefree workplace policy,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 6(4), 1341-1357.
6. Moore, Roland S., Juliet P. Lee, and Tamar M. Antin and Scott E. Martin (2006) “Tobacco free workplace policies and low socioeconomic status female bartenders in San Francisco,” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 60(2):51-56.
7. Satterlund, Travis D., Tamar M.J. Antin, Juliet P. Lee, and Roland S. Moore. (2009) “Cultural factors related to smoking in San Francisco’s Irish bars.” Journal of Drug Education, 39(2):181-193.
8. Satterlund, Travis D.; Juliet P. Lee, Roland S. Moore, and Tamar M. J. Antin (2009) “Challenges to implementing and enforcing California’s smoke-free workplace act in bars,” Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy, 16(5):422-435.
9. Satterlund, Travis L., Juliet P. Lee and Roland S. Moore (2012) “Changes in smoking-related norms in bars resulting from California’s smoke-free workplace act,” Journal of Drug Education 42(3):315-326.